Additive Manufacturing (3D Printing) – A process of creating objects layer by layer using digital models.

Advanced Automation – Integration of intelligent machines and systems to perform complex tasks.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) – Machine intelligence used to enhance decision-making and operational efficiency.

Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR) – Immersive technologies for training, visualization, and design.

Big Data Analytics – Techniques for analysing large datasets to extract meaningful insights.

Blockchain – A decentralized ledger technology used for secure and transparent data sharing.

Collaborative Robotics (Cobots) – Robots designed to work alongside humans safely.

Digital Twin – A virtual representation of physical systems to simulate and optimize operations.

Edge Computing – Processing data closer to its source to reduce latency and improve real-time decision-making.

Internet of Things (IoT) – A network of connected devices that communicate and share data to optimize processes.

Smart Sensors – Devices that collect and process data to enable intelligent systems.

Circular Economy – Economic systems aimed at minimizing waste and maximizing resource efficiency.

Mass Customization – Producing highly personalized products at scale using flexible systems.

Sustainable Manufacturing – Practices that reduce environmental impact while maintaining efficiency.

Worker Augmentation – Enhancing human capabilities through technology, such as exoskeletons or wearable devices.

Zero-Defect Manufacturing – Striving for processes with minimal errors through predictive analytics.

Co-Creation – Joint innovation processes involving multiple stakeholders.

Ethical AI – Ensuring artificial intelligence systems align with human values and ethical considerations.

Human-Machine Collaboration – Synergizing human skills and machine capabilities for better outcomes.

Inclusive Design – Designing systems and products to be accessible and usable by diverse users.

Skills for Industry 5.0 – Competencies needed for the workforce to thrive in human-centric and technological environments.

Cybersecurity – Protecting systems, networks, and data from digital threats.

Data Sovereignty – Ensuring individuals or organizations maintain control over their data.

Green Regulations – Policies aimed at promoting sustainable and environmentally friendly industrial practices.

Standardization – Development of standards to ensure interoperability and safety across Industry 5.0 technologies.

Decentralized Manufacturing – Localized production systems leveraging digital technologies.

Digital Sustainability – Balancing digital transformation with environmental sustainability.

Emotional AI – Artificial intelligence capable of understanding and responding to human emotions.

Hybrid Workforce – Teams of humans and machines working collaboratively.

Resilient Supply Chains – Supply networks designed to withstand disruptions.

Fourth Industrial Revolution (Industry 4.0) – The technological foundation of Industry 5.0, focused on automation and digitization.

Society 5.0 – A vision for a human-cantered society integrated with advanced technologies.

Twin Transition – The combined push for digital and green transformation in industries.